India's army says it has carried out "surgical strikes" against suspected militants along the de-facto border with Pakistan in Kashmir.

The operation was aimed at preventing a series of attacks being planned by Pakistan-based militants, a senior army official told reporters.

The army said "significant casualties has been caused to these terrorists and those who are trying to support them".

Pakistan has denied any strikes were carried out by India across the border.

"The notion of surgical strike linked to alleged terrorists' bases is an illusion being deliberately generated by India to create false effects," the Pakistani military said in a statement.

Pakistan confirmed that two of its soldiers had been killed in an exchange of fire along the Line of Control that divides the disputed region. It said the Indian firing had been "unprovoked".

Tensions have been high since a militant attack on an Indian army base in Kashmir left 18 soldiers dead earlier this month. India blamed the attack on Pakistan, which denied the claim.